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Transformers Selection and Buying Guide

• What is a transformer and why is it used?
• How can I select the best transformer for my application?
• Determine the Marcus transformer model number
• When do you need a custom transformer?

What is a transformer and why is it used?

A transformer is a static piece of electrical equipment which transfers power from one voltage system to another by means of electromagnetic induction. At the basic level, all transformers consist of a metallic coil which which carries the electric current, and a ferrous core which creates the magnetic field. The reason for using a transformer is to match the voltage of the load to the line voltage supplied by the utility. The dry type, air-cooled transfoemers contains no volatile nor inflammable materials, and depends only on the natural flow of air over its coils, and the radiation of heat through its enclosure for cooling. Therefore, it may be located right at the load and requires no special vault.

How can I select the best transformer for my application?

Transformers are available in a wide array of voltages. The capacity (volt-amps) dictates how much power a particular device can handle before overloading.

The application plays a pivotal role in selecting the correct transformer. Instances where the typical load may spike must be taken into consideration when selecting a particular transformer.

Determine the Marcus transformer model number

Step 1: Determine the KVA, Amperes or wattage required by the load.

Determine the KVA, Amperes or wattage required by the load. Transformer size is determined by the KVA of the load. Be sure to add the total number of pieces of equipment involved. The following formulas may be used to calculate the KVA, (VA) or the Amperes required, for either single or three phase installations:

Single phase

KVA

=

Volts x Amps

 

(VA)

 

       1000

 

 

 

 

 

AMPS

=

KVA(VA) x 1000

 

 

 

        Volts

 

 

 

 

Three phase

KVA

=

1.73 x Volts x Amps

 

(VA)

 

             1000

 

 

 

 

 

AMPS

=

KVA(VA) x 1000

 

 

 

    1.73 x Volts

KVA stands for kilovolt ampere or thousand volt ampere. Smaller units 500 VA = 0.5 KVA. Single-phase has two lines of AC power. Three-phase has three lines of AC power, with each line 120 degrees out of phase with the other two.

Important: The KVA of the transformer should be equal to or greater than the KVA of the load to handle current requirements and to account for future expansion.

Step 2: Find out the supply voltage

Find out what the supply voltage (or available voltage) is to connect to the primary of the transformer. Line voltage, or primary voltage, is the available power from your utility or local power source.

Step 3: Determine the voltage required by the load

Determine the voltage required by the load. This is the secondary voltage or output voltage of the transformer. Load voltage, or secondary voltage, is the voltage required to operate the load (lights, motor and other devices).

Step 4: What is the frequency of the supply source?

What is the frequency of the supply source and of the equipment (normally 60 or 50 hertz)? The frequency of the supply source and the load must be the same.

The following charts may be used to select the transformer size required.

 

Step 5: Determine the Marcus transformer model number

Determine the Marcus transformer model number. To do so, you need to consider a few factors first:

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• Does your equipment require electrical isolation from the supply or will an auto transformer with no isolation do?
• For control transformers: if fusing is desired, a terminal block model is necessary.
• If a control transformer is to be exported, a finger-safe model option may be required.
• The location where the transformer will be installed will determine whether you require no enclosure (open type), an indoor ventilated enclosure, or the various types of enclosures which protect the windings from moisture, particles, dust or contaminates.

Next, select the type of transformer you need. Its kVA rating, primary voltage, secondary voltage and suffix from the chart below.

TYPE KVA
RATING PRIMARY
VOLTAGE SECONDARY
VOLTAGE SUFFIX MS- Single Phase   A - 600 1 - 208/120 EUR - 50Hz MT - Three Phase   B - 480 2 - 120/240 S - Elec. Shield MSWP - Outdoor Single Phase   C - 416 3 - 240 F - 115˚ C Rise MTWP - Outdoor Three Phase   D - 380 4 - 480/277 N - 130˚ C Rise RES - Epoxy Single Phase   E - 347 5 – 600/347 B - 80˚ C Rise RET - Epoxy Three Phase   F - 277 6 - 380/220 P - Sprinkler Shield MK - K-Factor Rating   G - 240 7 - 416/240 CC - Core & Coil MDI - Drive Isolation   H - 208 8 - 120 4 - K-Factor MAT - Auto Three Phase   I - 240/480 9 - 220 9 - K-Factor MATS - Auto Single Phase   J - 2400 10 - 220/127 13- K-Factor MTZ – Harmonic Sweeper   K - 4160 11 - 240/139 20 - K-Factor MTD – Double Harmonic Sweeper   L - 120 12 - 230 SS - Stainless Steel Enclosure MHE – Supreme High Efficient   M - 440 13 - 230/133 30 - 30˚ Phase Shift  RET-MAT – Epoxy Auto 3 Phase   N - 460 14 - 120/208/240  0 - 0˚ Phase Shift     O - 575 15 - 440  LT – Lighting Tap     P - 230 16 - 440/254 EQ - Low Sound Level     Q - 600/480 17 - 460 LI - Low Impedance     R - 2300 18 - 460/266 CE - European Standard     S - 220 19 - 480       T - 120/240 20 - 400/231       U - 550 21 - 208       V - 690 22 - 380       W - 120/208/277 23 - 600       X - 400 24 - 110       Z – 1000 25 - 347       RR - 2200 26 – 575/332       KK - 4800 27 – 240/480         28 – 110/220         29 – 115/230         30 - 690         31 – 690/399         32 - 277  

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Finally, you can form a Marcus model number by following the example below:

Need technical help in choosing the right model? Email, call or fax us anytime during business hours.

When do you need a custom transformer?

If your application requires a special design not available in stock, we will be happy to accurately and professionally meet your requirements. Marcus will design, manufacture and deliver your custom-made transformer within 7days of your request. For Special Orders: We make dry-type transformers up to and including 600 kVA, auto transformers up to 1000 kVA, and control transformers through 7500 VA. Call with your special requirements.

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For Special Orders: We make dry-type transformers up to and including 600 kVA, auto transformers up to 1000 kVA, and control transformers through 7500 VA. Call with your special requirements.

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