The internal operation of a brushed motor is contrary to that of a brushless FPV drone motor. In the brushed motor, the stator provides a permanent magnetic field that surrounds the rotor. The rotor of the brushed motor is an electromagnet which is influenced by the surrounding stator. A pair of brushes attached to DC power contact the commutator ring at the base of the rotor. The commutator ring is divided, therefore its rotation will periodically reverse the direction of the current flowing through the rotor, as its rotation causes the commutator to reverse its polarity. The alternation of the commutator ring polarity translates into uninterrupted revolution of the rotor.
This entire process occurs internally within a motor can, which provides excellent protection for the delicate components. Although, efficiency of the system is reduced due to the greater thermal insulation of the internal mechanics. It is possible to reverse the rotation direction of the motor by inverting the polarity of the DC power input. Due to the contact of the brushes with the commutator, longevity of the brushed motor is greatly reduced in comparison to the brushless motor. In terms of application, a brushed motor is better suited for micro class multicopters, their small size, low weight and simple driving technique improves their suitability for micro FPV flight.
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